What are Hyaluronic Acid Injections?
Hyaluronic acid or hyaluronan is a naturally occurring substance in the body that provides lubrication to the joints. In certain conditions, such as arthritis, there is a depletion of hyaluronic acid that results in joint pain. The injection of hyaluronic acid into the joint, also known as viscosupplementation, is a treatment used to restore the joint environment and alleviate pain.
Indications for Hyaluronic Acid Injections
Hyaluronic acid injections are recommended when conservative measures have failed to improve joint pain and disability due to arthritis, and when surgery is either undesirable or unwarranted. These can be provided in a single injection, or a series of 2, 3, or even 5 injections.
Preparation for Hyaluronic Acid Injections
- Inform your doctor about any health conditions, allergies, and regular medications that you are on.
- Wear loose clothing so that the joint can be easily accessed during the procedure.
Procedure for Hyaluronic Acid Injections
The procedure for hyaluronic acid injections includes the following steps:
- Your doctor will have you lie or sit in a position that allows easy access to the target joint.
- The skin over the injection site is disinfected and a local anesthetic is administered.
- Your doctor may use ultrasound imaging to help guide the needle into the joint.
- Excess fluid in the joint will first be aspirated (withdrawn).
- Hyaluronic acid in a syringe is then injected into the target site using the needle.
- Your doctor closes the incision site using a bandage or suture.
What to Expect after Hyaluronic Acid Injections
Ice packs and analgesics may be recommended to relieve any discomfort. Normal activity may be resumed right away; however, some patients prefer to take it easy for a day or two due to soreness. Full effect of medication typically is seen within 2-3 weeks after the final injection.
Risks and Complications of Hyaluronic Acid Injections
Hyaluronic acid Injections may cause the following side-effects:
- Swelling
- Pain
- Bleeding
- Allergy
- Infection
