What is a Sports Concussion?
A sports concussion is a type of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by a sudden impact or jolt to the head or body that results in rapid movement of the brain inside the skull. This disruption can temporarily affect brain function, leading to a variety of symptoms that impact physical, cognitive, and emotional well-being. Concussions are common in contact sports such as football, soccer, basketball, and hockey, but can occur in any athletic activity.
What are the Signs and Symptoms of a Sports Concussion?
Symptoms can vary widely and may not appear immediately. Common signs and symptoms include:
- Headache or pressure in the head
- Dizziness or balance problems
- Nausea or vomiting
- Confusion or disorientation
- Difficulty concentrating or remembering
- Sensitivity to light or noise
- Blurred vision
- Mood changes or irritability
- Fatigue or drowsiness
In some cases, the athlete may briefly lose consciousness, though this is not required for diagnosis.
How is a Sports Concussion Diagnosed?
Concussions are diagnosed through a detailed clinical evaluation. This includes a review of symptoms, a neurological exam, cognitive and balance testing, and a review of the injury event. In our nonsurgical sports medicine practice, we use evidence-based tools to assess brain function and monitor recovery. Imaging tests like CT scans or MRIs are typically not needed unless there are signs of more severe injury.
How is a Sports Concussion Managed?
Initially, physical and cognitive rest are recommended to allow the brain time to heal. After the acute phase, we use a gradual return-to-activity plan that safely reintroduces exercise and mental tasks under close supervision. Vestibular therapy, balance training, and visual-motor exercises may also be used to manage lingering symptoms. Every treatment plan is personalized based on the athlete’s symptoms and progress.
When Can an Athlete Return to Play?
Return-to-play decisions are based on full symptom resolution—both at rest and with exertion—and successful completion of a stepwise activity protocol. We ensure that athletes are physically and cognitively ready before they return to their sport to prevent the risk of second-impact syndrome or long-term complications.
